A 1984 study of protein allozymes signalled its closer relationship to cockatoos than to other parrots, and mitochondrial 12S rRNA sequence data places it among the Calyptorhynchinae (dark cockatoos) subfamily. This issue was settled with molecular studies. Its biological relationships were for a long time uncertain it is now placed in a monotypic subfamily Nymphicinae, but was sometimes in the past classified among the Platycercinae, the broad-tailed parrots. The specific name hollandicus refers to New Holland, a historic name for Australia. Its genus name reflects the experience of one of the earliest groups of Europeans to see the birds in their native habitat the travellers thought the birds were so beautiful that they named them after mythical nymphs. Originally described by Scottish writer and naturalist Robert Kerr in 1793 as Psittacus hollandicus, the cockatiel (or cockateel) was moved to its own genus, Nymphicus, by Wagler in 1832. Cockatiels are native to Australia, favouring the Australian wetlands, scrublands, and bushlands. It is, therefore, now classified as the smallest subfamily of the Cacatuidae (cockatoo family). It was previously unclear whether the cockatiel is a crested parakeet or small cockatoo however, more recent molecular studies have assigned it to its own subfamily, Nymphicinae.
The cockatiel is the only member of the genus Nymphicus. As a caged bird, cockatiels are second in popularity only to the budgerigar.
They are prized as household pets and companion parrots throughout the world and are relatively easy to breed. Most species of cockatoos are endangered, particularly those that are endemic to Pacific islands.The cockatiel ( / ˌ k ɒ k ə ˈ t iː l/ Nymphicus hollandicus), also known as the weero/ weiro or quarrion, is a medium-sized parrot that is a member of its own branch of the cockatoo family endemic to Australia. Some species of cockatoos are hunted as food by aboriginal peoples in Australia and New Guinea. The sulfur-crested cockatoo is the species most commonly kept in this way. Ĭockatoos are kept as entertaining, sometimes "talk ing" pets. The red-tailed black cockatoo ( Calyptorhynchus magnificus) is a sooty black bird with red streaks on the tail, occurring in woodlands of northern Australia, and in scattered places elsewhere on that continent. This cockatoo occurs in tropical rainforests and eucalyptus woodlands of northeastern Australia and New Guinea. The palm cockatoo ( Probosciger aterrimus) is a large, dark-grey bird, with orange-pink facial skin, and a long and erectile, black crest. This species occurs widely in Australia and southern New Guinea. sanguinea) is a smaller species, with a white body, dark eye-patch, and yellow under the wings. The pink cockatoo ( Cacatua leadbeateri) has white wings, a salmon-colored belly and head, and occurs in woodlands of western and central Australia. This species occurs widely in woodlands, savannas, grasslands, and parks throughout most of Australia. The galah ( Cacatua roseicapilla) has a rosy breast and face, and a gray back and wings. This large bird has a pure-white body, with a yellow-colored crest, and a black beak and feet. The best-known species is the sulfur-crested cockatoo ( Cacatua galerita), which occurs widely in eastern Australia and New Guinea. They feed on a wide range of fruits and seeds, as well as flowers, roots, rhizomes, palm shoots, and beetle and moth larvae. Cockatoos usually nest in holes in trees. Species in this family mostly occur in Australia, New Guinea, and nearby islands, with species occurring as far north as the Philippines. Ĭockatoos are relatively simply colored birds, with a crest on the top of the head that can be erected at will. Parrots and cockatoos are colorful, intelligent birds. These birds also have specialized feathers known as powder down, which disintegrates into a powder that is used for dressing the feathers during preening. Parrots and cockatoos all have powerful, curved bills, short legs, and strong, dexterous feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward. Cockatoos are species of birds in the family Cacatuidae, in the order Psittaciformes, which also contains the typical parrots (family Psittacidae).
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